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Edmond Pourchot.
Edmond Pourchot (1651,
Poilly – 1734,
Paris ) was a university professor noted for his controversial advocacy of
Cartesianism (and the
Cartesian theory of
mechanics ) in place of
Aristotelianism .
[1]
[2] The change within the
University of Paris from Aristotelianism to Cartesianism during the 1690s was important in the history of the development of
natural philosophy in
France and continental
Europe .
[3]
[4]
Pourchot was named Professor of Philosophy in 1677, and he was a long-standing vice-chancellor/rector of the University of Paris, where he taught for 26 years. He authored a popular multi-volume
Latin text entitled Institutiones philosophicae ad faciliorem veterum, ac recentiorum philosophorum lectionem comparatae (Paris, 1695; Paris, 1700;
Lyon , 1711;
Venice , 1715; Lyon, 1716–1717; Venice, 1730 [standard edition]; Paris & Lyon &
Padua , 1733; Padua, 1751; Venice, 1755).
[5]
[6] This text was well regarded among other French intellectuals, and gained followers for Cartesianism in many other countries including
Turkey and
Poland .
[7]
[8] He was also a scholar of the
Hebrew language . The Latin form of his name was Edmundus Purchotius (Edmundi Purchotii ).
Institutiones Philosophicae (1717).
Volume 1
[9]
[10] -
Logic and
metaphysics
Volume 2
[11] -
Geometry and general
physics (including
optics ,
hydrodynamics ,
simple machines ,
thermodynamics , and
dynamics featuring
projectiles ,
pendulums , etc.)
Volume 3
[12]
[13] -
Cosmology (
heliocentric and
geocentric ),
botany ,
zoology ,
human anatomy ,
meteorology ,
astronomy ,
magnetism ,
metallurgy , and
geography
including a world map showing
Terra Australis , the
Prime Meridian passing through
El Hierro , and the
Island of California (Table 24)
including a presentation of heliocentric Cartesian
ethereal vortices in/around the
Solar System (Table 20)...
[14] this theory was supported by many notable scientists (for example
Christiaan Huygens and
Johann Bernoulli ) prior to being supplanted by
Newtonian mechanics (published 1686)
[15]
[16]
including an
armillary sphere showing the plane of the
ecliptic on the
celestial sphere (Table 16)
including an illustration of magnetic
field lines which were not fully understood for another 150 years until
Faraday and
Maxwell (Table 26)
Plates (Tables 16, 20, 24, 26) from Institutiones Philosophicae (Pourchot, 1717)
See also
References
^
"Pourchot, Edmond - Scholasticon" . Archived from
the original on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2010-05-29 .
^ Watt, R. Bibliotheca Britannica; Or a General Index to British and Foreign Literature.
Edinburgh , 1824.
^ Brockliss, Laurence. The Moment of No Return: The University of Paris and the Death of Aristotelianism. Science & Education, March 2006, pp259-278.
^ Santinello, G. & G. Piaia. Models of the History of Philosophy. Springer, 2011.
^ Dates and places of publication from Heritage of the Printed Book database, COPAC, and BnF catalogues.
^
it:Edmond Pourchot
^ Chalmer's Biography , 1812, vol 25, p239.
^ Shaw, S.J. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Cambridge University Press, 1976.
^ Pourchot, Edme (1711).
Institutiones philosophicae ad faciliorem veterum .
^ Pourchot, Edmond (1711).
Institutiones philosophicae ad faciliorem veterum ac recentiorum ...
^ Pourchot, Edmond (1751).
Institutiones philosophicae ad faciliorem veterum, ac recentiorum ...
^ Pourchot, Edmond (1751).
Institutiones philosophicae .
^ Pourchot, Edmond (1711).
Institutiones Philosophicae .
^
Descartes' Physics . Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 2017.
^ Lakatos, Imre. The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes. Cambridge University Press, 1978.
^ Solomon, Joan. The Structure of Space. Wiley, 1974.
^ Pourchot, Edme (1715).
Institutiones philosophicae, 1 .
^ Pourchot, Edmond (1760).
Institutiones Philosophicae .
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