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Peccary leather is the result of tanning skins from White-lipped peccary (Tayassu Peccary) and Collared peccary (Tajacu Peccary), obtained by subsistence hunting in the Peruvian jungle. This leather is distinctive for its groups of 3 pores (follicles) in an non pattern series, also, this leather is very soft and is used in luxury goods as gloves, shoes and garments.
Peccary is included in the Appendix II [1] of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora ( CITES) [2] and both species are distributed in the tropical forest from North, Central and South America as far as Argentina. The population of peccaries are protected in most of the continent and is regulated by a sustainable annual quota in Peru. So far, Peru is the only country allowed to participate in the legal trade of this skins due to the regulations placed by the CITES institute in the country SERFOR [3] (Servicio Nacional Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre) and their great population of peccaries located in the area.
Peccary leather is very distinctive in its appearance, and it’s characterized by the group of 3 pores (Follicles) in a non-pattern series in all the skin. The texture is soft and spongy which makes it very flexible and resistant. Also, Peccary leather is divided in 2 types according to the animal (Tayassu or Tajacu). The Tayassu or Black hair Peccary is thicker, harder and is usually used for shoes while the Tajacu or Grey Hair Peccary is thinner, not as textured and it’s usually used for the glove makers and artisans to do small leather accessories.
The use of peccary skins has historically and economically been important in the Peruvian Amazon. In ancient Peru the use of peccary skins was described by Thevet in 1558: “the inhabitants are dressed in animal skins called guanganas” (Meseldzick 1993) [4]. During the last part of the century 18th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, peccary skins were exported to Europe, via Brazil. At the end of the rubber heyday, around 1920, peccaries and other species were hunted for their skins professionally. This lasted until 1973, when this activity was prohibited.
After 1973, the Ministry of Agriculture allowed legal trade in peccary skins if they originated from subsistence hunting. This law prohibited commercial hunting but allowed subsistence use of wildlife (Pacheco 1983; Bodmer et al. 1990) [5]. After 1973, the peccary skin trade began to decline, becoming less lucrative for hunters and more strictly controlled by the Peruvian Ministry of Agriculture. With these changes, the export of skins fell to its current level of around 35,000 peccary skins per year which led to a low selling price. This low price further discouraged commercial fur hunting. That is why, the law enacted by the Peruvian Ministry of Agriculture [6] prohibiting commercial fur hunting was a success because it helped regulate commercial fur hunting in Peru.
Today, the peccary skin trade is an important industry involving Peru and importing countries such as Germany, Austria, Italy, Switzerland and France, where the skins are used in the manufacture of high-quality gloves and shoes as seen in this peruvian company and many brands across Europe.
Peccary leather compared against bovine or horse leather is very small, like any other exotic leather skin. The average size of the skins are between 4.5 and 5.5 square feet (0.4 – 0.5 m2). The size and thickness of the skins is determined by the maturity of the animals and varies depending on production methods.
The skins are processed according to the following tanning processes: soaking, liming, fleshing and degreasing, de-liming, pickling, chrome tanning, setting and streching, sammying, shaving and trimming and dyeing.
Due to its wild nature these skins are not perfect and present many defects like: Healed scars, open cuts, bullet holes, holes, grain damage, parasites and freckles. [7]
The grade or selection of the skin is determined primarily by the quantity and location of natural defects in the skin. The leather is the same tanned quality from Grade 1 to Grade 4.
These skins have a suitable work surface for 5 or 6 hands at least. Here are some characteristics of this grade:
These skins have a suitable work surface for 4 or 5 hands at least. Here are some characteristics of this grade:
These skins have a suitable work surface for 3 or 4 hands at least. Here are some characteristics of this grade:
These skins have a suitable work surface for 2 or 3 hands at least. Here are some characteristics of this grade:
Peccary leather is considered to be a small skin so the uses are gloves, small leather goods like wallets, shoes and belts.
Traditionally, fashion has driven the demand for peccary leather. Brands like Hestra Gloves and Roeckl are examples of successfully used peccary leather in gloves for many decades. Footwear is another way in which renowned brands showcase the material. Belts are another major accessory that utilize peccary leather; There are other uses for peccary leather notably wallets and small handbags.
Different geographic regions have different demands for peccary leather. For instance, Northern Europe has an especially strong market for peccary leather gloves due to their extreme winter season in some countries, while the south has many designer shoes using peccary leather. Also, in Japan, the market for sustainable exotics leather is booming as it is the demand for peccary leather by their artisans.