Disperse dye is a category of
synthetic dye intended for
polyester and related hydrophobic fibers. Disperse dyes are polar molecules containing anthraquinone or azo groups. It is estimated that 85% of disperse dyes are
azos or
anthraquinone dyes.[1][2]
History
The history of disperse dye production is closely related to the synthesis of
cellulose acetate fibres. Disperse dyes were invented in 1923-24.[3]
Fundamentals of dyeing
Disperse dyes are
non-ionic in nature and partially
soluble in water. The interaction of dye molecule and polymer takes place with
Van der Waals and
dipole forces.[4] Disperse dyes have better diffusion at boiling to a higher temperature.[5]