Reference works for the Polish language
A modern dictionary of Polish language (here, an orthographical dictionary – Wielki słownik ortograficzny – published by PWN in 2016)
The earliest dictionaries of the Polish language were bilingual aids, usually Polish–
Latin , and date to the 15th century. The first dictionary dedicated solely to the
Polish language was published in the early 19th century. Many dictionaries of the Polish language are named simply "the Dictionary of the Polish Language" (
Polish : Słownik języka polskiego ) or in similar fashion.
Bilingual
One of the earliest Polish-Latin dictionaries,
Vocabularis breviloquus [
pl ] , from 1532
The first Polish dictionaries took the form of Polish–
Latin (or more correctly,
Old Polish –Latin)
bilingual translation aids and date to the 15th century.
[1] The oldest known one is the
Wokabularz trydencki [
pl ] from 1424; it contains about 500 entries, and is associated with the Prince
Alexander of Masovia .
[2] : 45
[3] : 73 The largest of those earliest dictionaries was the
Silesian Mamotrekt kaliski (from
c. 1470 ), with about 7,000 entries.
[4] : 139 The 16th century saw a proliferation of printed dictionaries; the first of those were written abroad and reprinted in Poland. The first such dictionary was the trilingual German–Latin–Polish
Dictionarius Ioannis Murmellii variarum rerum [
pl ] from 1526. It had about 2,500 entries and was based on the work of the Dutch scholar
Johannes Murmellius and published in Poland by
Hieronim Wietor (most likely with Wietor responsible for the German part, and
Hieronim Spiczyński [
pl ] for the Polish).
[5]
[6]
[7] Dozens of other bilingual Polish dictionaries were published in the subsequent centuries by scholars such as
Bartłomiej of Bydgoszcz [
pl ] ,
Johann Reuchlin ,
Jan Mączyński ,
Nicolaus Volckmar [
pl ] ,
Grzegorz Knapski and others.
[2] : 45–60
General
Title page of the first volume of Linde's 1807 work, the first dictionary of Polish language.
Many dictionaries in the Polish language and dedicated to the Polish language bear the generic name Słownik języka polskiego (lit. the Dictionary of the Polish Language).
[8]
The first such dictionary [
pl ] was published by
Samuel Linde in the early 19th century (in six volumes from 1807 to 1814) and had 60,000 entries.
[4]
[9]
[8] Numerous other dictionaries of the Polish language have been published since.
[8] The ones following in Linde's path include the 110,000-entry Słownik języka polskiego published in
Wilno in 1861 by a group of Polish scholars led by
Aleksander Zdanowicz [
pl ]
[10] and the 270,000-entry Słownik języka polskiego edited by
Jan Aleksander Karłowicz [
pl ] ,
Adam Kryński [
pl ] and
Władysław Niedźwiedzki [
pl ] , published in several volumes from 1900 to 1927.
[11] After
World War II , a major dictionary of the Polish language was the Słownik języka polskiego of
Witold Doroszewski , published in volumes from 1958 to 1969, which quickly became considered a new classic.
[12]
As of the early 21st century, the largest dictionary of the Polish language is the 50-volume
Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny [
pl ] (published from 1994 to 2005) edited by
Halina Zgółkowa [
pl ] .
[13] Several newer dictionaries are published on the Internet and are freely accessible to the public; they include the Słownik języka polskiego at Polish
Wiktionary
[14]
[15] and the
Wielki słownik języka polskiego [
pl ] edited by
Piotr Żmigrodzki [
pl ] of the
Polish Language Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences [
pl ] (IJP PAN).
[16]
Specialized
There are also many
specialized dictionaries in Polish. Some are focused on the Polish language, such as the
etymological
Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (from 1927, edited by
Aleksander Brückner );
[17] but many others focus on non-language topics, such as the
Polish Biographical Dictionary .
[18]
See also
References
^ Michałowska, Teresa (2011).
Literatura polskiego średniowiecza : leksykon (in Polish) (Wyd. 1 ed.). Warszawa: Wydawn. Nauk. PWN. p. 769.
ISBN
978-83-01-16675-5 .
OCLC
768346543 .
Archived from the original on 2021-10-19. Retrieved 2021-06-14 .
^
a
b Edward Stankiewicz (21 November 2016).
Grammars and Dictionaries of the Slavic Languages from the Middle Ages up to 1850: An Annotated Bibliography . Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
ISBN
978-3-11-085971-3 .
Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021 .
^ Kaczyńska, Barbara (2019).
"Wokabularz trydencki jako przykład leksykografii średniowiecznej" . Studia Źródłoznawcze. Commentationes (in Polish). 57 : 47–97.
doi :
10.12775/SZ.2019.03 .
ISSN
2451-1331 .
S2CID
242709756 .
^
a
b Zenon Klemensiewicz (1985).
Historia języka polskiego (in Polish). Vol. III. Państwowe Wydawn. Naukowe. pp. 653–655.
ISBN
978-83-01-06443-3 .
Archived from the original on 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-06-14 .
^
"Dictionarius Ioannis Murmellii variarum rerum, Kraków 1526" . SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl .
Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-16 .
^ Walczak, Bogdan (2001).
"Słownik Murmeliusza na tle leksykografii polskiej XVI wieku" (PDF) . Rocznik Wieluński (in Polish). 1 : 7–16.
Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-16 .
^ Skoczylas-Stawska, Honorata (2001).
"Cechy dialektalne w języku Hieronima z Wielunia – Spiczyńskiego" (PDF) . Rocznik Wieluński . 1 : 17–34.
Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-06-28. Retrieved 2021-06-16 .
^
a
b
c Gladney, Frank Y. (1982).
"The New Polish Dictionary" . Dictionaries: Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America . 4 (1): 169–200.
doi :
10.1353/dic.1982.0012 .
ISSN
2160-5076 .
S2CID
61090214 .
Archived from the original on 2018-06-01. Retrieved 2021-06-14 .
^ Adamska-Sałaciak, Arleta (2001-01-01).
"Linde's Dictionary: A landmark in Polish lexicography" . Historiographia Linguistica . 28 (1–2): 65–83.
doi :
10.1075/hl.28.1.06ada .
Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2021-06-14 .
^
"Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861" . SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl .
Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-16 .
^
"Słownik języka polskiego, Warszawa 1900–1927" . SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl .
Archived from the original on 2021-05-01. Retrieved 2021-06-16 .
^
"Słownik języka polskiego, Warszawa 1958–1969" . SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl .
Archived from the original on 2020-02-11. Retrieved 2021-06-16 .
^
"Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny, Poznań 1994–2005" . SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl .
Archived from the original on 2021-03-04. Retrieved 2021-06-14 .
^
"Słowniki elektroniczne – nowa jakość w polskiej leksykografii" . Prace Filologiczne (in Polish). 64 (1): 139–146. 2013.
ISSN
0138-0567 .
Archived from the original on 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-06-14 .
^ Andrejewicz, Urszula; Sienicki, Tomasz (2010).
"Wikisłownik – pierwszy naprawdę uniwersalny słownik polski?" . Prace Językoznawcze (in Polish) (12): 5–19.
ISSN
1509-5304 .
Archived from the original on 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-06-14 .
^
"Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Kraków 2007" . SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl .
Archived from the original on 2020-02-11. Retrieved 2021-06-14 .
^ Piwakowska, Julia (2013-09-09).
"Hungaryzmy w "Słowniku języka polskiego" Aleksandra Brücknera- analiza krytyczna" .
Archived from the original on 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-06-14 .
^ Orman, Elżbieta (2020).
"Eighty-Five Years of the Polish Biographical Dictionary at 17 Sławkowska St., Cracow" . Acta Poloniae Historica . 121 : 201.
doi :
10.12775/APH.2020.121.10 .
ISSN
0001-6829 .
Archived from the original on 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-06-14 .
Further reading
Piotr Grzegorczyk (1967). Index Lexicorum Poloniae: bibliografia słowników polskich (in Polish). Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe.
External links