The mission's purpose was to promote wartime cooperation, and to assess the war-readiness of Britain's new partner.[2] British Foreign Secretary
Arthur Balfour, President
Woodrow Wilson and Wilson's chief advisor,
Colonel House, had a meeting that discussed the secret treaties which bound Britain and France to Italy and others. Members of the delegation met with many senior leaders in the national government, finance, industry and politics, to explain the British positions. Other meetings dealt with the supply of munitions and other exports, and the proposed
Balfour Declaration.
France sent a separate mission at the same time, and these were followed later in 1917 by missions from Italy, Russia, Belgium and Japan, all of whom were invited to address the US Congress.[3]
History
The mission left England on 11 April and arrived in Washington, on 22 April, having landed in
Halifax, Nova Scotia on 20 April.[4][5]
Balfour addressed both houses of Congress – the House of Representatives on 5 May[6][7] and the Senate on 8 May[4][8][9] – becoming the first British person to do so.[10]
Balfour, Colonel
Edward M. House and Wilson dined at the White House on 30 April, after which Balfour recounted the details of the secret treaties regarding Italy and the Near East to Wilson. On 18 May, Balfour sent Wilson copies of the
Sykes-Picot Agreement, the Allied Notes of March–April 1915, the
Treaty of London (1915) and the
Treaty of Bucharest (1913).[11]
Cecil Spring Rice, the British ambassador to the United States, stated that the mission had created "an entirely new atmosphere in Anglo- American relations".[10]
Blockade Department Experts —
Lord Eustace Percy;
Andrew Archibald Paton; F. P. Robinson, of the Board of Trade; S. McKenna, of the War Trade Intelligence Department, and M. D. Peterson of the Foreign Trade Department, Foreign Office.
Wheat Commission —
Alan Anderson, Chairman, and H. D. Vigor.
Munitions —
Walter Layton (Later Baron Layton), Director of Requirements and Statistics Branch, Secretariat of the Ministry of Munitions; C. T. Phillips, American and Transport Department, Ministry of Munitions; Captain Leeming, Mr. Amos.
Ordnance and Lines of Communication — Captain Heron.
Venzon, Anne Cipriano (2 December 2013).
"Balfour Mission". The United States in the First World War: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 63.
ISBN978-1-135-68453-2.
Archived from the original on 3 February 2014.