Bahram Afzali | |
|---|---|
 Afzali in summer 1980 | |
| Birth name | Bahram Afzali Khoshkebijari [1] |
| Born | 6 December 1937 Qom, Imperial State of Iran |
| Died | 25 February 1984 (aged 46) Tehran, Iran |
| Service/ | 
Islamic Republic of Iran Navy |
| Years of service | 1957–1984 |
| Rank | Captain |
| Commands held |
Islamic Republic of Iran Navy |
| Battles/wars | |
| Alma mater |
Italian Naval Academy University of Genoa |
Bahram Afzali ( Persian: بهرام افضلی; 6 December 1937 – 25 February 1984) was an Iranian admiral who served as the Commander of the Iranian Navy from May/June 1980 to 24 April 1983. [2] He was executed for his clandestine membership in the Tudeh Party of Iran in 1984. [2]
Career
Afzali was born in 1937 [3] in the city of Qom. [2] His father was a cleric. [1] He entered the service of the Imperial Iranian Navy in 1957 and was sent to Italy for further education. [3] In 1961, he was graduated from Italian Naval Academy, [2] where he was trained in mechanical engineering and shipbuilding. [3] He later obtained a PhD in boat and submarine architecture in 1970. [2]
Afzali was an engineer and a captain in the Imperial Iranian Navy. [4] After the 1979 revolution, he continued to serve in the Navy and took part in the Iran–Iraq War. [4] Then Iranian president Abolhassan Bani Sadr appointed him as the commander of the Navy in June 1980. [5] He was also special adviser of then speaker of the Iranian parliament, Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. [6]
Arrest, trial and death
At the beginning of 1983, Afzali, along with more than a thousand members of the Tudeh Party was arrested by the IRP. [7] The trial carried out in the form of a military tribunal in December 1983, and 32 of them were sentenced to death. [8] Their judge was Hojjat Al Islam Mohammad Reyshahri, who also interrogated Mahdi Hashemi in 1986. [9] The location of the tribunal has been never revealed. [9]
Ten of these Tudeh members were executed. [8] On 25 February 1984, Afzali was executed on charges of espionage for the Soviet Union. [4] [8] [10]
See also
References
- ^ a b Nikola B. Schahgaldian, Gina Barkhordarian (March 1987), The Iranian Military Under the Islamic Republic (PDF), RAND, p. 113, ISBN 0-8330-0777-7, retrieved 15 January 2017
- ^ a b c d e Boroujerdi, Mehrzad; Rahimkhani, Kourosh (2018). Postrevolutionary Iran: A Political Handbook. Syracuse University Press. p. 63. ISBN 9780815654322.
- ^ a b c Iran Almanac and Book of Facts, vol. 18, Echo of Iran, 1987, p. 304
- ^ a b c "Mr. Bahram Afzali". OMID. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
- ^ "30 persons dead, 80 injured in Iranian-Iraqi frontier clash". The Calgary Herald. 2 June 1980. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
- ^ Shireen T. Hunter; Jeffrey L. Thomas; Alexander Melikishvili (2004). Islam in Russia: The Politics of Identity and Security. M.E. Sharpe. p. 506. ISBN 978-0-7656-1282-3.
- ^ George W. Breslauer (1990). Soviet Strategy in the Middle East. Unwin Hyman. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-04-445232-4.
- ^ a b c Sepehr Zabir (2012). The Iranian Military in Revolution and War (RLE Iran D). CRC Press. p. 115. ISBN 978-1-136-81270-5.
- ^ a b Ervand Abrahamian (1999). Tortured Confessions: Prisons and Public Recantations in Modern Iran. University of California Press. p. 199. ISBN 978-0-520-21623-5.
- ^ Hunter, Shireen T. (Spring 1987). "After the Ayatollah". Foreign Policy. 66 (66): 77–97. doi: 10.2307/1148665. JSTOR 1148665.
External links
People executed by the Islamic Republic of Iran | |
|---|---|
| Politicians and noblemen of the Pahlavi period | |
| Soldiers of the Pahlavi period | |
| Left-wing politics | |
| Other political opponents | |
| Perpetrators | |
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- 1937 births
- 1984 deaths
- People from Qom
- Commanders of Islamic Republic of Iran Navy
- 20th-century executions by Iran
- Iranian people convicted of spying for the Soviet Union
- Tudeh Military Network members
- Islamic Republic of Iran Army personnel of the Iran–Iraq War
- Imperial Iranian Navy personnel
- People executed for spying for the Soviet Union
- University of Genoa alumni
- Iranian expatriates in Italy
- Marine engineers
- Iranian military personnel stubs
- Communists executed by Iran