Arab Baʽath Movement حركة البعث العربي | |
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Leader | Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar |
Founded | 1940 |
Dissolved | 1947 |
Preceded by | Party of National Brotherhood |
Succeeded by | Baʽath Party |
Newspaper | Al-Tali'a |
Ideology | Baathism |
Colors | Black, Red, White and Green ( Pan-Arab colors) |
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Ba'athism |
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The Arab Baʽath Movement ( Arabic: حركة البعث العربي Ḥarakat al-Baʽth al-‘Arabī), also literally translated as Arab Resurrection Movement or Arab Renaissance Movement, was the Baathist political movement and predecessor of the Arab Socialist Baʽath Party. [1] The party was first named Arab Ihya Movement (Ḥarakat al-Iḥyāʼ al-‘Arabī) literally translated as Arab Revitalization Movement, until 1943 when it adopted the name "Baʽath". [2] [3] It was founded in 1940 by Michel Aflaq. [4] [5] [6] Its founders, Aflaq and Bitar, were both associated with nationalism and socialism. [7]
The Movement was formed in 1940 as the Arab Ihya Movement by Syrian expatriate Michel Aflaq.
Shortly after being founded, the Movement became involved in anti-colonial Arab nationalist militant activities, including Aflaq founding the Syrian Committee to Help Iraq that was created in 1941 to support the anti-British and pro- Axis government of Iraq against the British during the Anglo-Iraqi War of 1941. [8] The Syrian Committee sent weapons and volunteers to fight alongside Iraqi forces against the British. [9]
Aflaq unsuccessfully ran as a candidate for the Syrian parliament in 1943. [10] After the Syrian election defeat, the Movement sought cooperation with other parties in elections in Syria, including the Arab Socialist Movement of Akram El-Hourani. [11]
The Party merged with Al-Arsuzi's Arab Baʽath Party in 1947, and al-Hawrani's Arab Socialist Movement later merged into the party in the 1950s to establish the Arab Socialist Baʽath Party.