Aarre Merikanto (29 June 1893 – 28 September 1958) was a
Finnishcomposer.[1]
He was born in
Helsinki,
Grand Duchy of Finland, the son of Elise "Liisa" Häyrynen (1869-1949) and the famous
romantic composer, professor
Oskar Merikanto (1868-1924). His childhood he spent in
Vilppula, Finland. He married Meri Grönmark in 1919. They had two daughters, Anna Marjatta Peltonen (née Merikanto) and Arma Kyllikki Tukia (née Merikanto). He later married Evi Sylvia Mähönen (1910-1968). They had two sons,
Ukri Uolevi Merikanto (1950-2010), a sculptor and Pan Ylermi Merikanto (1951-2012).[2] He is considered a key figure in early Finnish modernism (together with
Väinö Raitio and
Ernest Pingoud) and several of his works, most notably the opera
Juha, have obtained posthumous attention.[3] As professor of composition in the
Sibelius Academy (1951–1958) Merikanto taught several Finnish composers of the next generation, including
Einojuhani Rautavaara,
Usko Meriläinen,
Aulis Sallinen and
Paavo Heininen.[1]
He studied music in
Helsinki 1911,
Leipzig 1912–1914 and
Moscow 1916–1917. Merikanto's early style was rooted in Finnish romanticism, but in the 1920s he developed a personal, atonal but not
dodecaphonic Modernist style. The reception of Merikanto's works of this period was mixed: the "Schott" Concerto for nine instruments was awarded in a competition organized by the German publishers
Schott & Söhne, but his domestic Finnish audiences and critics were generally unenthusiastic and his opera Juha, today considered one of his major works, was never performed during Merikanto's lifetime. Disappointed with the reactions, starting in the early 1930s, Merikanto gradually abandoned his more radical style and turned towards a more traditional idiom based on
Neoclassicism. He also destroyed or mutilated the scores of several works from his earlier style period, some of which were later reconstructed by his last composition student
Paavo Heininen.[3] His work was also part of the
music event in the
art competition at the
1948 Summer Olympics.[4]
Merikanto was diagnosed with
lung cancer in the summer 1957, and he died on 28 September the following year, in Helsinki, aged 65.[1][5]