The human
geneATP5PD encodes subunit d of the peripheral stalk part of the enzyme mitochondrial
ATP synthase.[5][6]
Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes
ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the
inner membrane during
oxidative phosphorylation. It is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, F0, which comprises the
proton channel. The F1 complex consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled in a ratio of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and a single representative of the other 3. The Fo seems to have nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). This gene encodes the d subunit of the Fo complex.
Alternatively
splicedtranscript variants encoding different
isoforms have been identified for this gene. In addition, three
pseudogenes are located on chromosomes
9,
12 and
15.[6]
Higuti T, Kuroiwa K, Miyazaki S, et al. (1994). "The complete amino acid sequence of subunit d of rat liver mitochondrial H(+)-ATP synthase". J. Biochem. 114 (5): 714–7.
doi:
10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124242.
PMID7509337.