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A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Darling Downs on 19 December 1936. This was triggered by the death of United Australia Party MP and former Speaker Sir Littleton Groom.
The by-election was won by Country Party candidate and future Prime Minister Arthur Fadden.
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | Arthur Fadden | 15,235 | 33.1 | +33.1 | |
| Labor | John Buchanan | 13,321 | 29.0 | −10.2 | |
| United Australia | James Annand | 8,725 | 19.0 | −41.8 | |
| Conservative | Leslie Boyce | 5,809 | 12.6 | +12.6 | |
| Social Credit | Denis Hannay | 2,929 | 6.4 | +6.4 | |
| Total formal votes | 46,019 | 96.9 | |||
| Informal votes | 1,472 | 3.1 | |||
| Turnout | 47,491 | 92.2 | |||
| Two-party-preferred result | |||||
| Country | Arthur Fadden | 26,380 | 57.3 | +57.3 | |
| Labor | John Buchanan | 19,639 | 42.7 | +3.5 | |
| Country gain from United Australia | Swing | +3.5 | |||