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Overview of the events of 1920 in literature
Overview of the events of 1920 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1920 .
Events
February 2 –
Beyond the Horizon ,
Eugene O'Neill 's second full-length play, opens with a
Morosco Theatre matinée in New York City, partly as a producer's experiment and partly to quiet the actor
Richard Bennett , who sought to play the lead. Reviewers hail the play and O'Neill gains fame.
[1]
February 27 – An inaugural meeting of the
Bloomsbury Group 's Memoir Club is arranged by
Mary MacCarthy in London.
[2]
Spring – The poet
Anton Podbevšek and others organize the
Novo Mesto Spring (Novomeška pomlad ) event, the beginning of
Slovenian
Modernism .
March 15 –
The Blue Flame , a four-act play by
George V. Hobart and
John Willard after Leta Vance Nicholson, opens at the
Shubert Theatre (New York City) on
Broadway before a year's U.S. tour. Though described by a critic as "one of the worst plays ever written,"
[3] it is a commercial success, largely due to
Theda Bara as the central character of a
vamp .
March 22 –
Federico García Lorca 's first play,
The Butterfly's Evil Spell (El maleficio de la mariposa) is poorly received at its première in Madrid.
March 26 –
This Side of Paradise by
F. Scott Fitzgerald sets him up as a writer and celebrity. An initial 3,000 copies sell out in three days. The book's reputation dims in later years, but
Dorothy Parker will recall that it was seen as innovative when it first appeared.
April
F. Scott Fitzgerald 's story "
Bernice Bobs Her Hair " was published in May 1920.
April 3 –
F. Scott Fitzgerald marries
Zelda Sayre in the rectory of
St. Patrick's Cathedral (Manhattan) .
[4]
May 1 – F. Scott Fitzgerald's short story "
Bernice Bobs Her Hair " appears in the
Saturday Evening Post and on the magazine's cover, illustrated by artist
Norman Rockwell .
July –
Krishna Lal Adhikari 's
Makaiko Kheti (The Cultivation of Maize) is published in
Nepal ; following claims that it contains "mischievous expressions to treason", the author is sentenced on August 2 to nine years in prison (where he will die in 1923) and all known copies of the book are destroyed.
[5]
August 22 – The
Salzburg Festival in Austria is inaugurated with a performance of
Hugo von Hofmannsthal 's play
Jedermann (Everyman, 1911) in front of
Salzburg Cathedral , directed by
Max Reinhardt .
[6]
October –
Agatha Christie 's first novel,
The Mysterious Affair at Styles , appears in the U.S., introducing her long-running Belgian detective
Hercule Poirot in the setting of an
English country house . The book is published in the U.K. on January 21,
1921 .
November 1 – Eugene O'Neill's
The Emperor Jones plays at the
Playwright's Theater in New York City with
Charles Sidney Gilpin in the title role.
[7]
November 9 –
D. H. Lawrence 's novel
Women in Love appears in a limited U.S. subscribers' edition.
[8]
December – The first edition of the
Poems of the English
war poet
Wilfred Owen , killed in action in
1918 , appears in London, introduced by his friend
Siegfried Sassoon but with much of the editing carried out by
Edith Sitwell . Only five of Owen's verses having been published in his lifetime, the collection introduces his work to many readers. It includes the
1917 poems "
Anthem for Doomed Youth " and "
Dulce et Decorum est ", one of the best-known poetic condemnations of war.
[9]
December 23 –
Arthur Schnitzler 's play Reigen (
La Ronde ,
1900 ) receives a first authorized performance, in
Berlin , where it is criticized on moral and
anti-Semitic grounds.
[10]
Christmas –
Monteiro Lobato 's children's story "A Menina do Narizinho Arrebitado" (Girl with the Upturned Nose), the origin of the
Sítio do Picapau Amarelo novel series , is published in Brazil.
unknown dates
Erwin von Busse , using the pseudonym Granand, publishes Das erotische Komödiengärtlein (Berlin Garden of Erotic Delights ), a collection of short stories about sexually charged encounters between men. It is promptly banned.
[11]
Karel Čapek 's drama
R.U.R: Rossum's Universal Robots , published in Prague, introduces the word
robot into English.
[12]
[13]
Publication in Paris of the first volume of the
Collection Budé initiates editions of classical texts with parallel French translation:
Plato 's
Hippias Minor (Hippias Mineur) .
[14]
Van Wyck Brooks ' The Ordeal of Mark Twain controversially argues that
Twain was "a victim of arrested development" with a dual personality.
[15] It begins a reassessment of an author seen hitherto mainly as a humorous writer. The 1920s will bring similar reconsideration of many 19th-century American writers, notably
Herman Melville
[16] and
Emily Dickinson .
[17]
New books
Fiction
Children and young people
Drama
Poetry
Non-fiction
Births
Isaac Asimov.
January 2 (probable date) –
Isaac Asimov , Russian-born American science-fiction author and biochemist (died
1992 )
[23]
January 7 –
Dorothy Maclean , Canadian writer and educator, co-founder of the Findhorn Foundation (died
2020 )
January 14
January 22 –
Philippa Pearce , English children's writer (died
2006 )
January 24 –
Keith Douglas , English poet (died
1944 )
February 11 –
Daniel F. Galouye , American science-fiction author (died
1976 )
February 12 –
William Roscoe Estep , American historian and educator (died
2000 )
February 19 –
Jaan Kross , Estonian writer (died
2007 )
February 21 –
Ishigaki Rin (石垣 りん), Japanese poet (died
2004 )
February 28 –
Zaim Topčić , Yugoslav and Bosnian writer (died
1990 )
February 29 –
Howard Nemerov , American poet (died
1991 )
March 10 –
Boris Vian , French novelist (died
1959 )
March 11 –
D. J. Enright , English writer (died
2002 )
March 19 –
Kjell Aukrust , Norwegian author, poet and artist (died
2002 )
March 25 –
Paul Scott , English novelist, playwright and poet (died
1978 )
March 31 –
Marga Minco (Sara Menco), Dutch novelist and journalist (died
2023 )
April 5 –
Arthur Hailey , English-born Canadian novelist (died
2004 )
April 11 –
Marlen Haushofer , Austrian novelist (died
1970 )
April 17 –
Bengt Anderberg , Swedish poet, novelist, children's writer (died
2008 )
May 8 –
Sloan Wilson , American author and poet (died
2003 )
May 9 –
Richard Adams , English novelist, author of
Watership Down (died
2016 )
May 12 –
Satya Mohan Joshi , Nepalese writer (died
2022 )
May 30 –
Shōtarō Yasuoka , Japanese writer (died
2013 )
June 2 –
Marcel Reich-Ranicki , Polish-born German literary critic (died
2013 )
June 8 –
Gwen Harwood , Australian poet (died
1995 )
June 9 –
Isobel English (Guesdon Jolliffe), English novelist (died
1994 )
June 13 –
Ruth Guimarães , Afro-Brazilian classicist, fiction writer and poet (died
2014 )
June 18
June 20 –
Amos Tutuola , Nigerian writer (died
1997 )
July 3 –
Max Wilk , American playwright, screenwriter and author of fiction and nonfiction (died 2011)
July 12 –
Pierre Berton , Canadian author (died
2004 )
August 3 –
P. D. James , English crime novelist (died
2014 )
[25]
August 4 –
John Figueroa , Jamaican poet (died
1999 )
August 9 –
Tormod Skagestad , Norwegian poet, novelist and playwright (died
1997 )
August 16 –
Charles Bukowski , American writer (died
1994 )
August 18 –
Harbhajan Singh , Punjabi poet and critic (died
2002 )
August 21 –
Christopher Robin Milne , English writer and bookseller (died
1996 )
August 22 –
Ray Bradbury , American science-fiction writer (died
2012 )
[26]
September 19 –
Roger Angell , American fiction writer, editor, and essayist with
The New Yorker (died
2022 )
October 7 –
Daniel Vidart , Uruguayan anthropologist, writer, historian, and essayist (died
2019 )
October 8 –
Frank Herbert , American science-fiction writer (died
1986 )
[27]
October 15 –
Mario Puzo , American author of
The Godfather (died
1999 )
[28]
October 17 –
Miguel Delibes , Spanish novelist (died
2010 )
[29]
November 7 –
Elaine Morgan , Welsh writer on anthropology (died
2013 )
[30]
November 16
November 23 –
Paul Celan , Romanian poet (died
1970 )
December 3 –
Sheila K. McCullagh , English children's writer (died
2014 )
December 10 –
Clarice Lispector , Ukrainian-born Brazilian novelist (died
1977 )
December 15 –
Albert Memmi , Tunisian writer in French (died
2020 )
December 20 –
Väinö Linna , Finnish novelist (died
1992 )
Deaths
January 2 –
Paul Adam , French Symbolist novelist (born
1862 )
[31]
January 4 –
Benito Pérez Galdós , Spanish novelist (born
1843 )
January 9 –
Ella Dietz , American actress and author (born
1847 )
[32]
January 18 –
Giovanni Capurro , Italian poet (born
1825 )
February 8 –
Richard Dehmel , German poet (born
1863 )
[33]
February 29 –
A. H. Bullen , English editor and publisher (born
1857 )
March 9 –
Haralamb Lecca , Romanian dramatist, poet and translator (paralysis, born
1873 )
March 15 –
Edith Holden , English diarist and illustrator (drowned, born
1871 )
March 24 –
Mary Augusta Ward (Mrs. Humphry Ward), Tasmanian-born English novelist (born
1851 )
[34]
April 6 –
Mary Evelyn Hitchcock , American author and explorer (born
1849 )
May 7 –
Hugh Thomson , British illustrator (born
1860 )
May 8 –
Annie Russell Wall , American historian, writer, teacher (born
1835 )
May 11 –
William Dean Howells , American realist novelist (born
1837 )
May 15 –
Owen Morgan Edwards , Welsh writer, educator (b.
1858 )
[35]
May 21 –
Eleanor H. Porter , American novelist (born
1868 )
June 5
June 14 –
Max Weber , German political economist (born
1864 )
June 27 –
Adolphe Basile Routhier , Canadian poet (born
1839 )
September 29 –
José Domingo Gómez Rojas , Chilean poet (meningitis, born
1896 )
October 17 –
John Reed , American journalist (born
1887 )
October 20 –
Bithia Mary Croker , Irish-born novelist (born c. 1848)
October 25 –
Terence MacSwiney , Irish playwright, poet and politician (hunger strike, born
1879 )
November 1 –
Walter Bradford Woodgate , English boating writer and oarsman (born
1841 )
November 9 –
Alberto Blest Gana , Chilean novelist (born
1830 )
November 19 –
Alice E. Bartlett , American author, novelist, essayist, lyricist (born
1848 )
November 22 –
Manuel Pérez y Curis , Uruguayan poet (born
1884 )
November 24 –
Alexandru Macedonski , Romanian poet, novelist and dramatist (heart disease, born
1854 )
December 16 –
Helen Ekin Starrett , American educator, author, suffragist and magazine founder (born
1840 )
December 18 –
Matthías Jochumsson , Icelandic poet, playwright and translator (born
1835 )
December 24 –
Matilda Maranda Crawford , American-Canadian newspaper correspondent, writer, poet (born
1844 )
Awards
References
^
New York City, Proposed Times Square Hotel UDAG: Environmental Impact Statement . 1981. p. 4.
^ Rosenbaum, S. P. (2014). The Bloomsbury Group Memoir Club . London: Palgrave Macmillan.
ISBN
9781137360359 .
^
Morehouse, Ward (1949). Matinee Tomorrow: Fifty Years of Our Theater . New York: Whittlesey House. p. 175.
^ ——————————— (2002) [1981].
Some Sort of Epic Grandeur: The Life of F. Scott Fitzgerald (2nd rev. ed.). Columbia, South Carolina:
University of South Carolina Press . p. 128.
ISBN
1-57003-455-9 – via Internet Archive.
^
"The Book on Makai Parba" . SpotlightNepal . 2015-07-02.
Archived from the original on 2020-10-05. Retrieved 2020-10-06 .
^ Michael P. Steinberg (1990).
The Meaning of the Salzburg Festival: Austria as Theater and Ideology, 1890-1938 . Cornell University Press. p. 164.
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^ Frank, Glenda (2006).
"The Emperor Jones by Eugene O'Neill" . eOneill.com . Archived from
the original on June 20, 2006. Retrieved 2017-09-21 .
^ D.H. Lawrence (20 February 2019).
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ISBN
978-0-7953-5159-4 .
^ Ian Scott-Kilvert (1979).
British Writers . Scribner. p. 459.
ISBN
978-0-684-16637-7 .
^
Letters to Siegfried Trebitsch . 1986. p. 221.
^
Manfred Herzer [in German] (2022). Afterword. Berlin Garden of Erotic Delights . By Granand. Warbler Press. pp. 79–84.
^
Asimov, Isaac (September 1979). "The Vocabulary of Science Fiction".
Asimov's Science Fiction .
^ Zunt, Dominik (2004).
"Who did actually invent the word "robot" and what does it mean?" . Karel Čapek (1890-1938) . Archived from
the original on 2012-02-04. Retrieved 2011-12-06 .
^ Percy Gardner; Ernest Arthur Gardner; Max Cary (1922).
The Journal of Hellenic Studies . Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies. p. 283.
^ LeMaster, J. R.; Wilson, James D. (2013).
The Routledge Encyclopedia of Mark Twain . Routledge. p. 99.
ISBN
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^ Johnson, Bradley A. (2011).
The Characteristic Theology of Herman Melville: Aesthetics, Politics, Duplicity . Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 117.
ISBN
978-1-63087-620-3 .
^
Academic American encyclopedia . Grolier Incorporated. 1 February 1995. p. 344.
ISBN
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^ William Aubrey Darlington (1920).
Alf's Button . Frederick A. Stokes Company.
^ Martha Eulalia Altisent (2008).
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^
Auster, Paul (ed.) (1982). The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry, with Translations by American and British Poets . New York: Random House.
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^ Susan W. Friedman (11 November 2004).
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^ Groenewegen, Peter.
"Joseph Shield Nicholson (1850–1927): An early student of Marshall at Cambridge, later quite critical of Marshall and his Economics" (PDF) . History of Economic Thought Society of Australia . Retrieved 2015-08-30 .
^
Analog Science Fiction & Fact . Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact. July 2002. p. 112.
^
Réalités . Réalités Monthly Magazine. 1957. p. 54.
^ Reynolds, Stanley (27 November 2014).
"PD James obituary" . The Guardian . Retrieved 27 November 2014 .
^ Martin Harry Greenberg; Joseph D. Olander (1980).
Ray Bradbury . Taplinger Publishing Company. p. 214.
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978-0-8008-6638-9 .
^ William F. Touponce (1988).
Frank Herbert . Twayne Publishers. p. 4.
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^
Chase's Annual Events . Contemporary Books. 1994. p. 413.
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^ Eaude, Michael (14 March 2010).
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^ Erika Lorraine Milam.
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^ "Adam, Paul".
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^
"Mrs. Clymer, Actress, Dead" . New-York Tribune . 2 May 1920. p. 17. Retrieved 28 August 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
^ William F. Hauhart (1920).
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^ Robert Thomas Jenkins (1959).
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^ Marilyn Wood (1993).
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