January 25 – King
Edward II marries the 13-year-old
Isabella of France, daughter of
King Philip IV of France ("Philip the Fair"). The marriage takes place at
Boulogne and Edward leaves his friend and
favourite,
Piers Gaveston, as
regent in his absence. Isabella's wardrobe indicates her wealth and style – she has dresses of
silk,
velvet,
taffeta and cloth along with numerous furs; she has over 72 headdresses and
coifs. Isabella brings with her two gold crowns, gold and silver dinnerware and 419 yards of linen. Meanwhile, Edward alienates the nobles by placing Gaveston in such a powerful position, who react by signing the
Boulogne agreement on
January 31.[1][2]
February 1 –
Herman I the Tall Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel (and co-ruler of Brandenburg with
Otto IV), dies and is succeeded as Margrave by his son
John V.
February 25 – Edward II is crowned at
Westminster Abbey under the guidance of
Henry Woodlock, bishop of
Winchester. During the ceremony, Piers Gaveston is given the honour of carrying the crown. At the banquet that followed, Edward spends more time with Gaveston than with his wife Isabella of France. Isabella's family, who have travelled with her from
France, leave to report back to Philip IV of Edward's favouritism for Gaveston over Isabella. As part of the coronation, Edward swears an oath to uphold "the rightful laws and customs which the community of the realm shall have chosen".[3][4]
March 18 – Brothers
Andrei Rurik and
Lev II Rurik become the co-monarchs of
Ruthenia (now part of Ukraine and Poland, with a capital at
Lviv), upon the death of their father, King
Yuri I of Galicia. The two brothers will reign until their deaths in 1323 at the Battle of Berestia against Mongol invaders.
May 23 –
Battle of Inverurie: Scottish forces led by King
Robert the Bruce defeat the rival Scots under
John Comyn at
Oldmeldrum. During the battle, Robert repulses a surprise attack on his camp, and counter-attacks the Scots of
Clan Comyn. John flees to seek refuge at the English court and is well received by Edward II, who appoints him as
Lord Warden of the Marches. Meanwhile, Robert orders his forces to burn the farms, houses and strongholds associated with Clan Cumming in north-east
Scotland. The
Earldom of Buchan will never again rise for Clan Cumming.[5]
June 25 – Piers Gaveston is exiled for the second time by the
Parliament, due to possible corruption and exploited personal gains. As compensation for the loss of the
Earldom of Cornwall, which is another condition of his exile, Gaveston is granted land worth 3,000 marks annually in
Gascony. Further to this, he is appointed
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland – so that a certain amount of honour can be maintained despite the humiliation of the exile. Gaveston is also threatened with ex-communication by
Pope Clement V. Edward II accompanies him to
Bristol, from where he sets sail for
Ireland.[6][7]
June 28 – After 138 members of the
Knights Templar were convicted of heresy on October 19, 1307, a trial is held for 54 Templars who testify before
Pope Clement V, with most confessing to at least one charge.
July 30 –
Chungseon of Goryeo becomes the King of Korea for the second time, after the death of his father,
King Chungnyeol of Korea. Chungseon had ruled for a few months in 1298 during the illness of his father.
August 20 – The
Chinon Parchment is written by French Cardinal
Berengar Fredol the Elder, summarizing the results of the investigations of Fredol and the two other Cardinals of their disposition of the Knights Templar charges. The parchment is then put in the Vatican Apostolic Archive and will remain undiscovered for almost seven centuries before being rediscovered
Barbara Frale.[9]
August 31 – (Tokuji 3, 15th day of the 8th month of Tokuji 3) Prince Morikuni becomes the ninth, and last, shogun of the Kamakura bakufu.
September –
Siege of Siwana: Delhi forces under
Alauddin Khalji capture the
Siwana fortress after a two-month siege. During the siege, Alauddin defiles the main water tank of Siwana (by a traitor) with cows' blood.[12]
November 10 – After the fall of
the fortress of Siwana in
India, Prince Sital Deva is ambushed while trying to flee to safety at
Jalor. The soldiers decapitate Sital's and present his head as a trophy to the Delhi Sultan, Alauddin.[15]
November 13 – The
Teutonic Knights capture
Gdańsk by treachery – while a Brandenburger force of 100 knights and 200 followers led by
Heinrich von Plötzke and Günther von Schwarzburg lay siege to the city. The garrison of Gdańsk castle is too weak to defend itself against the Brandenburgers. Meanwhile, the Polish ruler of
Gdańsk Pomerania,
Władysław I Łokietek ("Wladyslaw the Elbow-High"), is unable to send reinforcements. The citizens call upon the Teutonic Knights for military help and offer to pay their costs. The arrival of the knights, lead the Brandenburgers to beat a hasty retreat. In an act of supreme treachery, the Teutonic Knights attack the city they have come to save. The houses of both Polish and German are burnt and destroyed. Many people are slaughtered without mercy, including women and children who have sought sanctuary in churches. Within a year, the German Crusaders occupy the whole of
Eastern Pomerania and consolidate their power at the
Baltic Sea.[16]
November 22 – The coronation of the Emperor
Hanazono of Japan takes place at Edo.
On the same day, Hungarian nobles formally elect the 20-year-old
Charles Robert of Salerno as King of
Hungary and
Croatia in the Hungarian city of
Pest (now part of
Budapest). He becomes Charles I, but his rule remains nominal in most parts of the realm after he is crowned.[18]
December – King Władysław I Łokietek of Poland imprisons
Jan Muskata,
Bishop of Kraków. In response, Polish and German citizens revolt against his rule in Kraków (as in all Poland's cities at this time). Władysław in a delicate position responds with force and arrests the revolt's leaders. He ties them to horses and drags them through the city streets.
By place
Europe
Sultan
Mesud II, Seljuk vassal of the Mongol
Ilkhanate, is murdered after a 5-year reign. During his rule, he exercises no real authority and becomes the last ruler. Ending the
Sultanate of Rum after 230 years.[20]
The
harrying of Buchan takes places as Scottish forces under
Edward Bruce devastate the lands of John Comyn, and his supporters following the victory at
Inverurie. Meanwhile, Robert the Bruce takes
Aberdeen, conquers
Galloway and threatens northern Scotland.
Asia
Summer – Delhi forces led by
Malik Kafur invade the
Yadava Kingdom under King
Ramachandra, who shelters the fugitive Vaghela king
Karna. Ramachandra sues for peace and acknowledges Delhi's overlordship.[24]
^Weir, Alison (2006). Queen Isabella: She-Wolf of France, Queen of England, p. 25. London: Pimlico Books.
ISBN978-0-7126-4194-4.
^Castor, Helen (2011). She-Wolves: The Woman Who Ruled England Before Elizabeth, p. 227. Faber and Faber.
ISBN978-0-5712-3706-7.
^Haines, Roy Martin (2003). King Edward II: His Life, his reign and its aftermath, 1284–1330, pp. 56–58. Montreal, Canada and Kingston, Canada: McGill-Queen's University Press.
ISBN978-0-7735-3157-4.
^Philips, Seymour (2011). Edward II, pp. 140–141. New Haven, CT & London. UK: Yale University Press.
ISBN978-0-300-17802-9.
^Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, p. 15.
ISBN1-85532-609-4.
^Maddicot, J. R. (1970). Thomas of Lancaster, 1307–1322, p. 73. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
ISBN978-0-19-821837-1.
^Hamilton, J. S. (1988). Piers Gaveston, Earl of Cornwall, 1307–1312: Politics and Patronage in the Reign of Edward II, p. 53. Detroit; London: Wayne State University Press.
ISBN978-0-8143-2008-2.
^Kishori Saran Lal, History of the Khaljis (1290-1320) (The Indian Press, 1950) p.135
^
abBarbara Frale, and Umberto Eco, The Templars: The Secret History Revealed (translation of Il papato e il processo ai templari) (Arcade Publishing, 2009) p. 168
^Luciano Petech, Medieval History of Nepal (Fondata Da Giuseppe Tucci, 1984) p.109
^Albert Failler, "L'occupation de Rhodes par les Hospitaliers", in Revue des études Byzantines (1992) pp. 113–135
^Peter Jackson (2003). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History, p. 198. Cambridge University Press.
ISBN978-0-521-54329-3.
^Peter Lock, The Franks in the Aegean, 1204–1500 (Longman Publishing, 1995) p.104
^Seymour Phillips, Edward II (Yale University Press, 2011) p.152
^Kishori Saran Lal, History of the Khaljis (1290-1320) (The Indian Press, 1950) p.135
^Brzezinski, Richard (1998). History of Poland: The Piast Dynasty, p. 24.
ISBN83-7212-019-6.
^Jones, Michael (2000). The New Cambridge Medieval History, p. 530. Vol. VI: c. 1300–1415. Cambridge University Press.
^Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 154. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
ISBN0-304-35730-8.
^Joseph F. O'Callaghan (2011). The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait, p. 122. University of Pennsylvania Press.
ISBN978-0-8122-2302-6.
^John Joseph Saunders (1971). The History of the Mongol Conquests, p. 79. University of Pennsylvania Press.
^Bernard Grun, (1991). The Timetables of History, p. 185. Simon & Schuster.
ISBN0-671-74919-6.
^Barbour, John. The Bruce, translation by A. A. H. Douglas, 1964.
^Fordun, John of, Chronicles of the Scottish Nation, ed. W. F. Skene, 1972.
^Abraham Eraly (2015). The Age of Wrath: A History of the Delhi Sultanate, p. 178. Penguin Books.
ISBN978-93-5118-658-8.