From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calendar year
The cathedral atop the Rock of Cashel in Ireland was completed in 1270. Year 1270 (
MCCLXX ) was a
common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the
Julian calendar , the 1270th year of the
Common Era (CE) and
Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 270th year of the
2nd millennium , the 70th year of the
13th century , and the 1st year of the
1270s decade.
Events
Africa
The Eighth Crusade
Other events
Asia
In Korea, the
Sambyeolcho Rebellion begins against the
Goryeo dynasty, a
vassal state of the
Yuan dynasty .
[5]
The ancient city of
Ascalon is captured from the
Crusader States , and utterly destroyed by the
Mamluk sultan
Baibars , who goes so far as to fill in its important
harbor , leaving the site desolate, and the city never to be rebuilt.
[6]
The city of
Tabriz , in present-day
Iran , is made capital of the
Mongol
Ilkhanate Empire (approximate date).
[7]
The independent state of
Kutch is founded, in present-day
India .
[8]
A census of the Chinese city of
Hangzhou establishes that some 186,330 families reside within it, not including visitors and soldiers (Historian Jacques Gernet argues that this means a population of over 1 million inhabitants, making Hangzhou the most populous city in the world).
[9]
December 15 – The
Nizari Ismaili garrison of
Gerdkuh , Persia surrender after 17 years to the
Mongols .
[10]
Europe
February 16 –
Livonian Crusade -
Battle of Karuse : The
Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the
Livonian Order decisively, on the frozen surface of the
Baltic Sea .
[11]
September 1 – King
Stephen V of Hungary writes his walk to the antiquum castellum near
Miholjanec , where the
Sword of Attila has been recently discovered.[
citation needed ]
December – Crucial aspects of the philosophy of
Averroism (itself based on
Aristotle 's works) are banned by the
Roman Catholic Church , in a
condemnation enacted by
papal authority at the
University of Paris .
[12]
The
Summa Theologica , a work by
Thomas Aquinas that is considered within the Roman Catholic Church to be the paramount expression of its
theology , is completed (year uncertain).
[13]
Witelo translates
Alhazen 's 200-year-old treatise on
optics , Kitab al-Manazir , from
Arabic into
Latin , bringing the work to European academic circles for the first time.
[14]
The
Sanskrit fables known as the
Panchatantra , dating from as early as 200
BCE , are translated into Latin, from a
Hebrew version by
John of Capua .
[15]
Construction of the
Old New Synagogue in
Prague is completed.
[16]
The
cathedral on the
Rock of Cashel in
Ireland is completed.
[17]
Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall , donates to the Cistercian
Hailes Abbey in England (his father's foundation) a phial held to contain the
Blood of Christ , acquired in the
Holy Roman Empire ; this becomes such a magnet for
pilgrimage that within 7 years the monks are able to rebuild their abbey on a magnificent scale.
[18]
The
Chronicle of Melrose is ended.
[19]
Births
Deaths
January 18 –
Saint Margaret of Hungary (b.
1242 )
[28]
February 23 –
Saint Isabelle of France , French princess and saint (b.
1225 )
[29]
March 17 –
Philip of Montfort, Lord of Tyre
[30]
May 3 –
Béla IV of Hungary (b.
1206 )
[31]
July 9 –
Stephen Báncsa , Hungarian cardinal (b. c.
1205 )
[32]
July 18 –
Boniface of Savoy, Archbishop of Canterbury
[33]
August 25
September 24 –
Philip of Montfort, Lord of Castres
[36]
December 4 –
Theobald II of Navarre (Theobald V of Champagne) (b. c.
1238 )
[37]
David VII Ulu , King of Georgia (b.
1215 )
[38]
Ibn Abi Usaibia , Syrian Arab medical historian (b.
1203 )
[39]
Isaac ben Moses of Vienna , Jewish rabbi and scholar (b.
1200 )
[40]
Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk (b.
1212 )
[41]
Uli I of Mali , second mansa of the Mali Empire
[42]
References
^ Conte, Joseph J. (2008).
The 14th and Final Crusade to the Middle East: Crusades from the 11th Century to the 21st Century . Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse. p. 14.
ISBN
9781452055466 .
^ of Beaulieu, Geoffrey; of Chartres, William (2013). Gaposchkin, M. Cecilia; Field, Sean L. (eds.).
The Sanctity of Louis IX: Early Lives of Saint Louis by Geoffrey of Beaulieu and William of Chartres . Translated by Field, Larry F. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. p. 10.
ISBN
9780801469138 .
^ Ross, Jeffrey Ian (2015).
Religion and Violence: An Encyclopedia of Faith and Conflict from Antiquity to the Present . London and New York: Routledge. p. 140.
ISBN
9781317461098 .
^ Halibo, Gidey Seyoum (2016).
"Law, Religion and Pluralism in Ethiopia: The Evolution of a Complex Interaction" . In Coertzen, Pieter; Green, M. Christian; Hansen, Len (eds.). Religious Freedom and Religious Pluralism in Africa: Prospects and Limitations . Stellenbosch, South Africa: AFRICAN SUN MeDIA. p. 397.
ISBN
9781928357032 .
^ Injae, Lee; Miller, Owen; Jinhoon, Park; Hyun-Hae, Yi (2014). Shin, Michael D. (ed.).
Korean History in Maps . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 79.
ISBN
9781107098466 .
^ Avi-Yonah, Michael; Stern, Ephraim (1978).
Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land . Vol. I. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. p. 124.
ISBN
9780132751155 .
^ Pfeiffer, Judith (2014).
Politics, Patronage and the Transmission of Knowledge in 13th - 15th Century Tabriz . Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 305.
ISBN
9789004262577 .
^
"Welcome to Kutch" . www.indianngos.com . Archived from
the original on June 21, 2017. Retrieved February 28, 2019 .
^ Chase-Dunn, Chris; Inoue, Hiroku; Anderson, E.N. (August 16, 2016).
"The Growth of Hangzhou and the Geopolitical Context in East Asia" . The Institute for Research on World-Systems Working Papers . 111 .
^ Daftary, Farhad (1992). The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines . Cambridge University Press. p. 429.
ISBN
978-0-521-42974-0 .
^ Jaques, Tony (2007).
Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O . Vol. 2: F - O. Westport, CN, London: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 513.
ISBN
9780313335389 .
^ Brown, Stephen F.; Flores, Juan Carlos (2007).
Historical Dictionary of Medieval Philosophy and Theology . Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movemenets. Vol. 76. Lanham, MA, Toronto, Plymouth: Scarecrow Press. p. 45.
ISBN
9780810864535 .
^ Perrier, Joseph Louis (1909).
The Revival of Scholastic Philosophy in the Nineteenth Century . Columbia University Press.
^ Hutton, Charles (1815).
A Philosophical and Mathematical Dictionary: Containing an Explanation of the Terms, and an Account of the Several Subjects, Comprised Under the Heads Mathematics, Astronomy, and Philosophy Both Natural and Experimental Also Memoirs of the Lives and Writing of the Eminent Authors, Both Ancient and Modern who by Their Discoveries or Improvements Have Contributed to the Advancement of Them . London: Rivington. p. 135.
^ Lanman, Charles Rockwell (1920).
Harvard Oriental Series: Descriptive List Thereof, Revised to 1920: with a Brief Memorial of Its Joint-founder, Henry Clarke Warren . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 5.
^ Frank, Ben G. (2001) [1992].
A Travel Guide to Jewish Europe: A practical, anecdotal and adventurous journey through historic Jewish Europe, including kosher restaurants, cafes, synagogues and museums, plus cultural and heritage sites (Third ed.). Gretna, LA: Pelican Publishing. p. 489.
ISBN
9781455613298 .
^ Brockman, Norbert (2011).
Encyclopedia of Sacred Places . Vol. I: A–M (Second ed.). ABC-CLIO. p. 460.
ISBN
9781598846546 .
^
Historic England .
"Hailes Abbey (328158)" . Research records (formerly PastScape) . Retrieved September 13, 2020 .
^ Jamroziak, Emilia (2008).
"Border Communities between Violence and Opportunities: Scotland and Pomerania Compared" . In Unger, Richard (ed.). Britain and Poland-Lithuania: Contact and Comparison from the Middle Ages to 1795 . The Northern World. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 134.
ISBN
9789004166233 .
^ Hiser, Patricia (2001).
My Kind of Man: With the History of the Gwinn, O?Connor, Kincaid, Richardson, Hiser West Virginia Families and Other Associated Lines and the Avery Family of Maine . San Jose New York Lincoln Shanghai: iUniverse. p. 141.
ISBN
9780595210008 .
^ Ousterhout, Robert G. (1987).
The Architecture of the Kariye Camii in Istanbul . Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection. Vol. 25. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks. p. 34.
ISBN
9780884021650 .
^ Haft, Adele J.; White, Jane G.; White, Robert J. (1999).
The Key to "The Name of the Rose": Including Translations of All Non-English Passages . Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 75.
ISBN
9780472086214 .
^ Brundage, James A. (2008).
The Medieval Origins of the Legal Profession: Canonists, Civilians, and Courts . Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. p. 119.
ISBN
9780226077611 .
^ Wispelwey, Berend (2011).
Biographical Index of the Middle Ages . Munich: K. G. Saur Verlag. p. 575.
ISBN
9783110914160 .
^ Taylor, Julia C. (1990).
Female Suicide in Chinese Drama: Selected Plays from the Yuan Dynasty to the Cultural Revolution . Madison: University of Wisconsin. p. 40.
^ Sadarangani, Neeti M. (2004).
Bhakti Poetry in Medieval India: Its Inception, Cultural Encounter and Impact . New Delhi: Sarup & Sons. p. 43.
ISBN
9788176254366 .
^ Pearson, Stuart (2015).
Great Scottish Heroes - Fifty Scots Who Shaped the World . London: John Blake Publishing. p. 8.
ISBN
9781784186135 .
^ Csepregi, Ildikó (2018).
"Preface to the Text Recording Margaret's Miracles" . In Csepregi, Ildikó; Klaniczay, Gábor; Péterfi, Bence (eds.). The Oldest Legend: Acts of the Canonization Process, and Miracles of Saint Margaret of Hungary . Central European Medieval Texts. Translated by Csepregi, Ildikó; Flanigan, Clifford; Perraud, Louis. Budapest, New York: Central European University Press. p. 31.
ISBN
9789633862186 .
^ Mews, Constant J. (2011).
"The "Speculum dominarum" ("Miroir des dames") and Transformations of the Literature of Instruction for Women in the Early Fourteenth Century" . In Green, Karen; Mews, Constant J. (eds.). Virtue Ethics for Women 1250-1500 . The New Synthese Historical Library. Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 19.
ISBN
9789400705296 .
^ Lower, Michael (2018).
The Tunis Crusade of 1270: A Mediterranean History . Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 165.
ISBN
9780191061837 .
^ Salagean, Tudor (2016).
Transylvania in the Second Half of the Thirteenth Century: The Rise of the Congregational System . East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages 450 - 1450. Vol. 37. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 106.
ISBN
9789004311343 .
^ Kosta, László (2007).
"Análise Prosopográfica Dos Cónegos Dos Cabidos Catedralícios Húngaros Na Idade Média (1200-1350): Conclusões" . Carreiras Eclesiásticas no Ocidente Cristão (séc. XII-XIV) . Lisbon: Centro de Estudos de História - Universidade Católica Portuguesa. p. 18.
ISBN
9789728361266 .
^ Cross, The Late F. L.; Cross, Frank Leslie; Livingstone, Elizabeth A. (2005).
The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Third ed.). Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. p. 226.
ISBN
9780192802903 .
^ Gaposchkin, Marianne Cecilia (2008).
The Making of Saint Louis: Kingship, Sanctity, and Crusade in the Later Middle Ages . Ithaca, London: Cornell University Press. pp.
25 .
ISBN
9780801445507 . 1270 Louis IX.
^ Parsons, John Carmi (1977).
The Court and Household of Eleanor of Castile in 1290: An Edition of British Library, Additional Manuscript 35294 with Introduction and Notes . Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. p. 107.
ISBN
9780888440372 .
^ Maddicott, J. R. (2001) [1994].
Simon de Montfort . Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. xxv.
ISBN
9780521376365 .
^ Previté-Orton, C. W. (1978) [1952].
Cambridge Medieval History, Shorter . Vol. 2: The Twelfth Century to the Renaissance. Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. p. 776.
ISBN
9780521099776 .
^ Natho, Kadir I. (2009).
Circassian History . Bloomington, IN: Xlibris Corporation. p. 72.
ISBN
9781465316998 .
^ Aydin, Sami (2016) [1996].
A History of Medicine: Byzantine and Islamic medicine . Aristoteles Semitico-Latinus. Vol. 24. Leiden, Boston: Horatius Press. p. 200.
ISBN
9781888456042 .
^ Fishman, Talya (2011).
Becoming the People of the Talmud: Oral Torah as Written Tradition in Medieval Jewish Cultures . Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 156.
ISBN
9780812222876 .
^ Fairclough, John (2008).
"Bigods at Walton Hall and their Successors" (PDF) . Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History . 41 (4): 418.
^ Babb, J. (2018).
A World History of Political Thought . Cheltenham and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.
ISBN
9781786435538 .