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The 1050s BC is a decade which lasted from 1059 BC to 1050 BC.

• 1057 BC—According to Josephus, Solomon's Temple finishes construction on January 19. This predates secular estimates by more than 120 years and is not considered reliable or accurate.
• 1054 BC— Shamshi-Adad IV, son of Tiglath-Pileser I, usurps the Assyrian throne from his nephew, Eriba-Adad II.
• 1053 BC—Death of Kang, king of the Zhou of ancient China. In September, a five-planetary alignment occurs.
• 1052 BC— Zhao succeeds Kang.
• 1051 BC— Saul becomes the first King of Ancient Israel.
• 1050 BC—Death of Shamshi-Adad IV; his son, Ashurnasirpal I, succeeds him as King of Assyria.
• 1050 BC— Philistines capture the Ark of the Covenant from Israel in battle. (Approximate date)
• c. 1050 BC—The Shang dynasty ends in Ancient China and is replaced by the Zhou dynasty.
• c. 1050 BC—Proto-Geometric period starts in Ancient Greece.

• Simbar-shipak, king of Babylon, is born (approximate date).
• Ish-Bosheth, king of Israel, is born (approximate date).